Latitude and Longitude

সারসংক্ষেপ

Latitude measures angular distance north or south of the Equator; longitude measures angular distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.

মূল ধারণা

ব্যবস্থাটি বুঝুন

Latitude measures angular distance north or south of the Equator; longitude measures angular distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.

কেন ও কীভাবে ঘটে

কারণ ও প্রেক্ষাপট

A spherical Earth requires angular coordinates to identify position consistently. Latitude is tied to the Equator and the changing angle of solar incidence, while longitude is tied to Earth's rotation and therefore provides the basis for local-time differences.

কীভাবে কাজ করে

First, latitude is measured north or south from the Equator along a meridian. Next, longitude is measured east or west from the Prime Meridian along an arc. Their intersection gives a coordinate, while the longitude difference is converted into local-time difference as Earth rotates.

মূল তথ্য

• Equator is 0° latitude; poles are 90°N and 90°S.
• Prime Meridian is 0° longitude and passes through Greenwich.
• One degree of longitude equals four minutes of time in local-time calculation.

গুরুত্বপূর্ণ পরিভাষা

• parallel
• meridian
• Equator
• Prime Meridian
• geographic coordinates

প্রতিষ্ঠিত তথ্য-উপাত্ত

• Equator is 0° latitude; poles are 90°N and 90°S.
• Prime Meridian is 0° longitude and passes through Greenwich.

উদাহরণ ও কেস স্টাডি

• A coordinate such as 23.8°N, 90.4°E locates Dhaka approximately.

কারণ ও উপাদান

• A spherical Earth requires angular rather than only linear location measures.
• The Equator provides the reference for latitude.
• The Prime Meridian provides the reference for longitude.

প্রভাব ও গুরুত্ব

• Coordinates allow mapping, navigation, surveying and GIS location.
• Latitude helps explain insolation and climate zones; longitude underpins time calculation.
• Meridians converge, so the length of one degree of longitude decreases toward the poles.

ভূগোলের সাথে সংযোগ

A coordinate such as 23.8°N, 90.4°E locates Dhaka approximately. This illustrates how latitude and longitude varies by location, scale or environmental context.

বাংলাদেশের সাথে সংযোগ

Bangladesh lies approximately between 20°34′N–26°38′N and 88°01′E–92°41′E.

BCS প্রিলিমিনারির তথ্য

• Equator is 0° latitude; poles are 90°N and 90°S.
• Prime Meridian is 0° longitude and passes through Greenwich.
• One degree of longitude equals four minutes of time in local-time calculation.

BCS লিখিত বিশ্লেষণ

একটি বিশ্লেষণধর্মী উত্তর তৈরি করুন

• Distinguish latitude as a north-south angular measure from longitude as an east-west angular measure.
• Explain why latitude has climatic significance while longitude has a direct time-zone relationship.
• Apply the coordinate system to Bangladesh's location and standard meridian.

প্রচলিত ভুল ধারণা

• Latitude lines do not converge; meridians do.
• Longitude determines time difference, not latitude.

দ্রুত রিভিশন

• Latitude and Longitude
• Equator is 0° latitude; poles are 90°N and 90°S.
• Prime Meridian is 0° longitude and passes through Greenwich.
• parallel / meridian
• Definition → process → spatial example